动物营养学外教讲述.ppt

Main elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus in most, a few iron, copper and iodine etc.. Typical protein composition (%) C 53%;H 7% ; O 23% ;N 16% ;S+P 1%。 Determination of animal tissue and feed protein nitrogen content is difficult, usually only the determination of total nitrogen content, and expressed in crude protein. 主要元素:碳、氢、氧、氮,大多数还含硫,少数含磷、铁、铜和碘等。 典型的蛋白质元素组成(%) C 53%;H 7% ; O 23% ;N 16% ;S+P 1%。 Crude protein: all nitrogenous compounds in the feed. True protein +NPN. NPN also includes free amino acids, peptides, nitrates, ammonium salts (such as ammonium sulfate), amide, alkaloids, organic base, nitrogen glycosides, ammonia, urea, uric acid, etc.. Real protein in addition to containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen elements, but also contains nitrogen, and some protein also contains sulfur, phosphorus, iron, copper and other elements. 粗蛋白质:饲料中所有含氮化合物的总称。包括真蛋白+NPN。 NPN又包括游离氨基酸、肽、硝酸盐、铵盐(如硫酸铵)、酰胺、生物碱、有机碱、含氮糖苷、氨、尿素、尿酸等。 真蛋白除含有碳、氢、氧元素外,还含有氮元素,有的蛋白质还含有硫、磷、铁、铜等元素 . 二、 化合物组成单位(Compound composition unit ) Amino acids in organisms found there are more than 180 kinds of common amino acids, but the animal and plant body protein only about 20. Plant amino acid synthesis all their needs, although the animal protein and plant protein also contains amino acid, but not all of their synthetic animal. 生物体内发现的氨基酸有180多种,但常见的构成动植物体蛋白质的氨基酸只有20种左右。 植物能合成自己全部需要的氨基酸,动物蛋白质虽然含有与植物蛋白质同样的氨基酸,但动物不能全部自己合成. 。 丙氨酸(Ala),精氨酸(Arg), 天门冬氨酸(Asp),半胱氨酸(Cysteine),胱氨酸(Cys), 谷氨酸(Glu),甘氨酸(Gly),组氨酸(His),异亮氨酸(Ile),亮氨酸(Leu),赖氨酸(Lys),蛋氨酸(Met),苯丙氨酸(Phe),脯氨酸(Pro),丝氨酸(Ser),苏氨酸(Thr),色氨酸(Trp),酪氨酸(Tyr),颉氨酸(Val)。 1. 机体和畜产品的重要组成部分 Is in addition to water, the most content of nutrients, accounting for 50% of dry matter, accounting for 80% of non fat solids 是除水外,含量最多的养分,占干物质的50%,占无脂固形物的80% Protein is also the main components of milk, eggs, hair. 蛋白质也是乳、蛋、毛的主要组成成分 除反刍动物外,食物蛋白质几乎是唯一可用以形成动物体蛋白质的氮来源。 In addition to the outside of the animal, the food protein is

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