L9 SCUT2013 Conflicting Constraints 华南理工大学-材料选择.pptx

SCUT2013, Lectures 9 10 Advanced Methods in Materials SelectionConflicting Constraints Lecture 9 Tutorial 4 Conflicting Objectives Lecture 10 Tutorial 5/24SCUT2013 Lecture # 9 Conflicting ConstraintsLecture 9: Chapters 7 8Tutorial 4: two exercises (one evening to solve them (that’s today!)).Due Mo May 21st/24SCUT2013 Lecture # 9 Conflicting ConstraintsConflicting Constraints Fork for a pushbike:what is more important, strength or stiffness?Stiffness dominated design versus Strength dominated design/24SCUT2013 Lecture # 9 Conflicting ConstraintsOutline Lecture 9Conflicting constraints: “most restrictive constraint wins” Case study 1: Stiff / strong / light tie rod Case study 2: Safe (no yield - no fracture)/ light air tank for a truck/24SCUT2013 Lecture # 9 Conflicting ConstraintsMost designs are over-constrained: “Should not deflect more than something, must not fail by yielding, by fatigue, by fast-fracture …” ? more constraints than free variables /24SCUT2013 Lecture # 9 Conflicting ConstraintsStrong tie of length L and minimum mass Function Tie-rodFFArea ALMinimise mass m: m = A L ?(2) Objective Length L is specified Must not stretch more than ? ConstraintsFree variables Material choice Section area A Performance metric m1 Exercise E8.1. Materials for a stiff, light tie-rod Constraint # 1m = massA = areaL = length? = densityE= elastic modulus? = elastic deflectionEquation for constraint on A: ? = L? = L?/E = LF/AE (1)Eliminate A in (2) using (1): Chose materials with largest M1 =/24SCUT2013 Lecture # 9 Conflicting ConstraintsStrong tie of length L and minimum mass Function Tie-rodFFArea AL Objective (Goal) Minimise mass m: m = A L ?(2)m = massA = areaL = length? = density = yield strength Length L is specified Must not fail under load F ConstraintsEliminate A in (2) using (1):Free variables Material choice Section area A Chose materials with largest M2 = Performance metric m2 E8.1. Materials for a strong, light tie-rod Constr