初三英语复习祈使句的使用和被动语态。北师大版知识精讲.docVIP

初三英语复习祈使句的使用和被动语态北师大版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 复习祈使句的使用和被动语态。 二. 教学重点： 1、祈使句 2、被动语态 3、课内知识点 三. 具体内容： （一）祈使句： 肯定结构： 1. Do 型（即：动词原形（＋宾语）＋其他成分） Please have a seat here. 2. Be 型（即：be＋表语＋其他成分） Be a good boy! 3. Let 型（即：let ＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分） Let me help you. 否定结构： 1. Do 型和Be 型的否定形式都是在句首加don’t构成. Don’t forget me! 2. Let 型的否定形式有两种: Don’t ＋ let ＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分 let ＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他成分 Don’t let him go./ Let him not go. 3.有些可用 no 开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句. No smoking! No fishing! 祈使句的反意疑问句： 1. 祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，用will you, 表示邀请、劝说时，用won’t you. Be sure to write to us, will you? Come to have dinner with us this evening, won’t you? 2. 祈使句为否定句式，反意疑问句用will you. Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 3. let 开头的祈使句在构成反意疑问句时，除let’s用shall we外，其他都用will you. Let the boy go first, will you? Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we? （二）被动语态： 1. 一般现在时：am/is/are +done The book is read by children. 2. 一般过去时：was/were +done He was taken to the hospital yesterday. 3. 一般将来时：will be +done/ be going to be +done The strawberry will be frozen in three hours. Dinner is going to be cooked at 6 o’clock. 4. 情态动词+be+ done The meat should be kept in a fridge. 注意： 1、带双宾语的主动句子变为被动语态时只能将一个宾语变为主语。 We are taught English by her. English is taught to us by her. The coat was bought for me. 2、主动语态不带to的不定式变被动语态要还原to. The boss made him work over 12 hours a day. He was made to work over 12 hours a day. 3、短语动词用于被动语态应作为一个整体，不能分开。 The meeting has been put off. （三） 语言点： 1. keep away from 远离 Mother told him to keep away from drugs. 妈妈让他远离毒品。 2. short-cut 捷径 Don’t take short-cuts through empty buildings or parking lots. 不要从空旷的大楼或停车场那里抄近路。 3. avoid doing… 避免做…… They all avoid mentioning that name. 他们都在避免提到那个名字。 4. knock down 撞倒，击倒 Jim knocked down a little girl when he was running in the street. 吉姆在街上跑时撞倒了一个小女孩。 Unit 8 词组/短语 1. encourage sb. to do 2. stand for 3. be based on 4. according to 5. 参加 6. do a survey