腹部解剖教学课件(英文版)幻灯片.ppt

Multislice CT urogram. 3D-surface shaded reformat showing the kidneys, ureters, bladder and surrounding bony anatomy. Ureters 输尿管 Relations Anterior to left ureter Duodenojejunal flexure Left colic vessels Testicular vessels Anterior to right ureter Descending part of duodenum Right colic vessels Iliocolic vessels Testicular vessels Terminal part of ileum Right to right ureter Cecum Vermiform appendix Suprarenal gland 肾上腺 Shape and position Right is pyramidal in shape, left one semilunar in shape, consisting of out cortex and inner medulla Located retroperitoneally, superomedial to superior poles of each kidney, enclose with the kidney by the renal fascia Blood supply Arteries Superior suprarenal a. Middle suprarenal a. Inferior suprarenal a. Venous drain Right suprarenal v. drains into inferior vena cava Left suprarenal v. joins left renal v. Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 Continuation of thoracic aorta at aortic hiatus of diaphragm in front of T12 Terminates at lower border of L4 vertebra by dividing into right and left common iliac arteries Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 Parietal branches Inferior phrenic a. 膈下动脉 (one pair) Lumbar a. 腰动脉 (four pairs of arteries that supply the posterior abdominal wall) Median sacral a. 骶正中动脉 Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 Visceral branches Paired branches Middle suprarenal artery 肾上腺中动脉 Renal artery 肾动脉 Testicular (ovarian) artery 睾丸（卵巢）动脉 Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 Unpaired branches Celiac trunk 腹腔干 A short large artery that arises from the front of aorta as it emerges through the diaphragm Superior mesenteric a. 肠系膜上动脉 Arises from the front of aorta, at the level of L1 Inferior mesenteric a. 肠系膜下动脉 Arises from the front of aorta, at level of L3 Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 Relations Anteriorly (from above downward) Pancreas Ascending part of duodenum Radix of mesentery Posteriorly Upper four lumber vertebrae On its right Inferior vena cava On its left Left s