《物流课程讲义3.pptVIP

LAYOUT Layout till This Point Coordinating facilities planning with other organizational units Facility requirements ? product design, process design, schedule design Activity relationships and space requirements Personnel requirements Basic Layout Types Fixed layouts Product layouts Group layout; Product family layout Process layout Layout Procedure Construction type developing a new layout “from scratch” Improvement type generate layout alternatives based on an existing layout Apple’s Plant Layout Procedure Procure the basic data Analyze the basic data Design the procedure process Plan the material flow pattern Consider the general material handling plan Calculate equipment requirements Plan individual workstations Select specific material handling equipment Coordinate groups of related operations Design activity interrelationships Apple’s Plant Layout Procedure (Cont’d) Determine storage requirements Plan service and auxiliary activities Determine space requirements Allocate activities to total space Consider building types Construct master layout Evaluate, adjust, and check the layout with the appropriate persons Obtain approvals Install the layout Follow up on implementation of the layout Reed’s Plant Layout Procedure Analyze the product or products to be produced Determine the process required to manufacture the product Prepare layout planning charts Determine workstations Analyze storage area requirements Establish minimum aisle widths Establish office requirements Consider personnel facilities and services Survey plant services Provide for future expansion Layout Planning Chart  Flow process, including operations, transportation, storage, and inspections Standard times for each operation Machine selection and balance Manpower selection and balance Material handling requirements Algorithmic Approaches Relationship Diagramming utilize some Apple’s ideas Pairwise Exchange Method Travel Chart Method by Reed and the CRAFT procedure of Buffa et al. Graph-Based