高三英语一轮知识点Module5 Unit5知识精讲 人教实验版.docVIP

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高三英语一轮知识点Module5 Unit5知识精讲 人教实验版.doc

高三英语一轮知识点Module5 Unit5 一. 教学内容: 一轮知识点Module 5 Unit 5 重 1. damage (1)n.损失; 损害, 损坏 o/cause damage to损害,破坏 (2)vt.损害,损坏; 使受损失 The earthquake damaged several buildings.地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。 badly damaged car严重损坏的汽车 拓展:damage, destroy, ruin damage, destroy 和 ruin 这三个单词均表示破坏、损坏的意思但各自的含义和用法不同。①damage指部分损坏、损害、破坏或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词,也可以用作名词用作名词时常与to something 连用。例如Hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm. 暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。The accident did a lot of damage to his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。②destroy 只能用作动词指彻底破坏以致不可能修复常作破坏、毁灭解也可以指希望、计划等打破。例如: The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。His hope of being a writer was destroyed. 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。③ruin则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时它作使毁灭、使崩溃、弄糟解;用作名词时,它表示毁灭、瓦解、废墟等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。例如:The fire ruined the castle. 那场大火使城堡夷为废墟。The house has fallen into ruin. 房子倒塌了。The company is facing ruin. 这家公司面临破产。present (1)vt.赠予; 颁予, 呈递 present flowers to sb.(present sb. with flowers)献花给某人 present reasons提出理由 present a new aspect呈现出一派新气present a new play 上演一出新戏 Allow me to present Mr Black to you.请允许我向您介绍莱克先生。 adj.现在的, 出席的, 存在的 at the present time目前, 现在 the present price现价 the present participle现在分词 be present at a ceremony出席仪式 (3)n.礼物, 现在, 目前 t present现在, 目前二、重点短语 1. first aid (1)n.(对伤患者的)急救 ive first aid to sb.= carry out first aid on sb.对某人实施急救 拓展:aid n.帮助, 援助, 帮助者,有帮助的事物 ut off aid中止援助 eaching aids教具 hearing aid助听器 edical aid医疗救护 ith the aid of借助于= with the help of ome to sb.’s aid帮助某人 n aid of为了帮助 e collect money in aid of the education in the poverty-stricken area. 我们筹集资金以援助贫困地区的教育。 vt.资助, 援助, 帮助 I aided him in his enterprise. They aided in solving the problem. 2. a number of adj.“许多的, 若干”后接可数名词 the number of / a number of: 都跟可数名词复数。前者作主语,谓语用单数;后者作主语,谓语用复数。 The number of the trees is two thousand. (用单数谓语. 另注意trees前有限定词) A number of trees have been cut down. (用复数谓语. 另注意trees前无限定词) 后接可数或不可数名词的短语: lots of(a lot of)后接可数或不可数名词。例如: My parents spend a lot of their spare time on English study. Mike

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