Cell Transportation Ursuline High School细胞运输高级中学.ppt

Cell Transportation How things get in and out of Cells Transportation is defined as… the movement of materials in or out of a cell…… or the movement of materials throughout an organism…. example: transportation could be the movement of oxygen into a cell and the movement of carbon dioxide out of a cell….. What is Brownian Movement? Albert Einstein observed the movement of small particles in water. He realized that the particles moved because they were being bombarded by moving water molecules. He later, in one of his first scientific papers, postulated that every particle in a fluid is in constant motion. This constant movement, first observed by Robert Brown, is called Brownian Movement. How Temperature affects the motion of molecules Temperature is defined as the average transitional velocity (speed) of the molecules in a system. An increase in temperature is actually an increase in the speed of the molecules…. @ 70 degrees Fahrenheit air molecules are traveling at 1,500 mph All molecules exhibit some kind of motion. Therefore, all molecules have temperature. Absolute Zero – temperature at which all motion stops…absolute zero is -459 Fahrenheit…. Welcome to Bruno’s world!! Semi- Permeability The Plasma Membrane is semi-permeable ( also referred as “selectively permeable” ). A selectively permeable membrane allows the passage of some materials in or out of a cell, and restricts the passage of some materials in or out of the cell. Solutions Cells are filled and surrounded by many solutions. Solutions are composed of solutes and a solvent. Solute + Solvent Solution Bulk Flow The movement of some materials is referred to as “Bulk Flow”. Bulk flow is the collective movement of substances in the same direction in response to a force or pressure. Blood moving through a blood vessel is “bulk flow”. 2 Types of Cell Transportation Passive Transport * Materials flow down the concentration gradient. * The cell