CIVILIZATIONS IN CRISIS, CONFLICT AND CHANGE文明在危机冲突和变化.ppt

GLOBAL CONNECTIONS Muslims Long accustomed to the military threat posed by the West. Could justify some borrowing from West on basis of a shared Judeo-Christian , Greek heritage More politically fragmented than Chinese but Muslims had time to learn from early mistakes. Muslims could always fall back on religious faith as a last resort. China Wests military dominance came as a rude surprise. China had remained intentionally culturally isolated from the West. They regarded Western culture as barbaric. Chinese equated survival of civilization with maintenance of the Qing When the dynasty collapsed, Chinese civilization was destroyed. Chinese had no great religious tradition to counter European belief in its inherent superiority. Versus Other Lands China and the Ottoman Muslim lands differed from Africa They were only partially colonized Often able to maintain independence and seek own internal reforms Differed from Latin America Which had deeper ties to the West Attempted economic modernization, westernization Differed from Russia and Japan Which industrialized and which maintained independence Both also partially westernized WHAT IS IT? TAIPING REBELLION TANZIMAT REFORMS SUEZ CANAL OPIUM WARS SELF-STRENGTHENING MOVEMENT BOXER REBELLION EXTRATERRITORIALITY TREATY PORTS OPEN DOOR POLICY WHO ARE THEY? YOUNG TURKS MUHAMMAD ALI (MEHMET ALI) KHEDIVES AL AFGHANI THE MADHI NURHACI MANCHUS/QING COMPRADORS COMMISSIONER LIN HONG XIUGUAN SUN YAT SEN CIVILIZATIONS IN CRISIS, CONFLICT AND CHANGE EURASIA CIVILIZATIONS IN CRISIS: CHINA The Problem for the Middle Eastern empires and Qing China Internal Political Decline and inability to reform Western Intrusion economically, socially and politically 1750 Manchu or Qing China Came to power in 1644 Manchu were last nomadic invaders to overrun a sedentary state Took name of Qing It appeared that China would recover fully under the Manchus Western merchants contained at the ports of Macao and Canton. 1850 Manchu or Qin