Chlamydia Columbia College衣原体哥伦比亚大学.ppt

Chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis Learning Objectives Upon completion of this content, the learner will be able to: Describe the epidemiology of chlamydial infection in the U.S. Describe the pathogenesis of Chlamydia trachomatis. Describe the clinical manifestations of chlamydial infection. Identify common methods used in the diagnosis of chlamydial infection. List CDC-recommended treatment regimens for chlamydial infection. Summarize appropriate prevention counseling messages for patients with chlamydial infection. Describe public health measures for the prevention of chlamydial infection. Lessons Epidemiology: Disease in the U.S. Pathogenesis Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Patient management Prevention Lesson I: Epidemiology: Disease in the U.S. Incidence Estimated 3 million cases in U.S. annually Most frequently reported STD in U.S. Reported rates 3 times higher in females than in males Chlamydia — Rates by state: United States and outlying areas, 2003 Chlamydia — Rates by sex: United States, 1984–2003 Chlamydia — Age- and sex-specific rates: United States, 2003 Prevalence Prevalence (approximate) in selected populations: Family planning clinics, 3%-15% Indian Health Service, 7%-9% Youth detention facilities, 6%-28% National job training recruits, 4%-16% Risk Factors Adolescence New or multiple sex partners History of STD infection Presence of another STD Oral contraceptive user Lack of barrier contraception Transmission Transmission is sexual or vertical Highly transmissible Incubation period 7-21 days Significant asymptomatic reservoir exists in the population Re-infection is common Perinatal transmission results in neonatal conjunctivitis in 30%-50% of exposed babies Lesson II: Pathogenesis Microbiology Obligatory intracellular bacteria Infect columnar epithelial cells Survive by replication that results in the death of the cell Takes on two forms in its life cycle: Elementary body (EB) Reticulate body (RB) Chlamydiaceae Family(species that cause disease