Class Gastropoda Ball State University腹足纲球州立大学.ppt

Conus Long proboscis with harpoon-like radular tooth venom gland “Glory of the sea” cone shell Subclass Opisthobranchia Detorsion - brings mantle cavity to right side 1 gill, 1 auricle, 1 coelomoduct Shell often reduced or absent Mantle cavity often reduced or absent Many are secondarily bilateral symmetric Hermaphroditic Subclass Opisthobranchia A. Bubble shells - Bulla Predators with thin, reduced shell Subclass Opisthobranchia B. Sea hares - Aplysia Thin, caplike shell overgrown by mantle Vegetarians (herbivores) Can eject milky fluid from mantle cavity A. californica has largest body of all gastropods Subclass Opisthobranchia C. Sea slugs With or w/o shell Berthelinia is a “bivalve” gastropod Fig. 10-23, p. 392 Subclass Opisthobranchia D. Pteropods or sea butterflies 2 orders with and w/o (naked) shells Planktonic with foot modified into wing-like flaps for swimming Often occur in enormous numbers More Pteropods Subclass Opisthobranchia E. Nudibranchs Often with secondary gills and cerata (hornlike dorsal projections) Many endemics Subclass Opisthobranchia F. Parasitic Opisthobranchs 2 orders One ectoparisitic on bivalves and annelids One endoparasitic in sea cucumbers Subclass Pulmonata Charactistics like Opisthobranchia, but w/o gill Mantle cavity converted to lung Shell usually present No operculum Hermaphroditic Subclass Pulmonata A. freshwater snails: Lymnaea, Physa, Planorbis Freshwater limpets Most come to surface for air Some have developed secondary gills Descended from terrestrial ancestors Subclass Pulmonata B. Land snails and slugs Helix Limax C. Intertidal slugs w/posterior anus Class Scaphopodatusk shells ~ 300 spp. Sedentary, marine burrowing, in 6 - 1800 m depth Shells resemble elephant tusks Most burrow in sand, few in mud Feed on microscopic organisms; foraminiferans Considered offshoot of early bivalve ancestors Scaphopod characteristics 1. Tusk-like shell open at both ends 2. Bilateral symmetry (like bivalves) 3. Rudimentary head no