Classification of Motor Skills The University of Vermont运动技能的分类佛蒙特大学.ppt

Motor Control Learning Level of control in all learning Learning produces changes in control Motor Skill Defined Requires body /or limb movement Voluntary Goal directed Learned Characteristics of Human Action Flexibility Ability to recruit different muscles and joints to achieve same action Uniqueness No two movements are ever performed in exactly the same way Characteristics of Human Action Consistency of Action Temporal and spatial aspects of a movement remain relatively stable from one performance to the next Modifiability of Action Ability to alter a movement pattern, even as it is being executed Classification of Motor Skills One-Dimensional Classifications SIZE OF MUSCULATURE INVOLVED Gross motor Fine motor One-Dimensional Classifications DISTINCTIVENESS OF MOVEMENT Discrete Continuous One-Dimensional Classifications STABILITY OF ENVIRONMENT Closed Open Environmental Dimension Demands placed on performer by the environment (Performance Space) Move Where? Spatial Move When? Temporal Move Where When? Spatial Temporal Closed Skill Characteristics Self-paced Fixed Environment Spatial Control Highly Predictable Open Skill Characteristics Externally-paced Changing Environment Spatial Temporal control Skill Level of Performer Two-Dimensional Classification Stationary Motion No variability Variability Two-Dimensional Classification Body Stability Object Body Transport No Object Why is two-dimensional classification system useful? * * Learner Environment Task Constraints CONTEXT Regulatory conditions Stationary No variability Stationary Variability In Motion No Variability In Motion Variability Batting Tee Same height Batting Tee Various heights Pitch Machine Same speed/place Live Pitch FUNCTION Two-Dimensional Classification Stationary Motion No variability Variability CONTEXT Body Stability Object Body Transport No Object FUNCTION