Cold Injuries University of North Alabama寒伤北阿拉巴马大学.ppt

11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 21 23 22 TSP 081-T-1045-* PERFORM FIRST AID COLD INJURIES FOR CHILBLAIN SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Prolonged exposure of bare skin 60°F to 32°F, or 20°F (acclimated, dry skin). Swollen, red, tender, and hot with itchy skin. May lead to infected, ulcerated, or bleeding lesions. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS FROSTBITE Exposure to cold 32oF or below. Loss of sensation or numb feeling. Whitening of skin; momentary tingling. Red or gray color. Blisters. Swelling or tender areas. Loss of pain in affected area. * Pale, yellowish, waxy-looking skin. * Frozen tissue feels solid or wooden. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS IMMERSION /TRENCH FOOT Fairly long exposure to cold 50oF to 32oF. First Stage Affected area feels cold painless. Pulse is weak. Numbness. Second Stage Limbs feel hot burning. Shooting pains. Later Stage Area pale with bluish cast. Pulse decreased. Other – from blisters, swelling to gangrene. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS SNOW BLINDNESS Sensation of grit in the eyes. Watery eyes. Redness (eyes). Headache. Increased pain with exposure to light. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS EARLY HYPOTHERMIA Shivering. Faint pulse. Drowsiness mental slowness Stiffness and lack of coordination. Slurred speech. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS MODERATE HYPOTHERMIA Glassy eyes. Slow and shallow breathing. Very weak, or absent, pulse. Increasing stiffness and lack of coordination. Unconsciousness. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS SEVERE HYPOTHERMIA Frozen extremities. Irregular heart action. Sudden death. Hypothermia-- Is a medical emergency. Evacuate to medical treatment immediately. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS COLD WEATHER DEHYDRATION Mouth, tongue, throat are parched and dry. Swallowing is difficult. Nausea. Extreme dizziness and fainting. Tired and weak feeling. Muscle cramps. Focusing of eyes may be difficult. FIRST AID TREATMENT CHILBLAIN 1. Rewarm the injured body p