高三英语语法：冠词北师大版知识精讲.docVIP

高三英语语法：冠词北师大版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 语法：冠词 二. 教学过程： I .不定冠词（a/an） 1、基本用法：表泛指 2、请注意以下一些特殊用法： (1) 用于不可数的抽象名词前； (2) 用于某些物质名词前； a coffee 一杯咖啡; a tea 一杯茶;a heavy rain 一场大雨;a strong belief 一种强烈的信念 (3) 用于专有名词前： a Mr. Green ; a Mary： a Shakespeare of China (4) 用于某些固定结构中： once upon a time , have a rest , take a bath , in a hurry , all of a sudden , as a matter of fact , It’s a pity that… . so / as / that / too / how + adj. + a / an + n. 如：George tries to be as ____ ____ ______(一位好老师) as possible. (5) 用于表最高级含义的句型: 否定意义的词 + … + a /an +比较级； 试翻译：没有人比我的童年过得更幸福。 _______________________________ II. 定冠词(the) A) 基本用法：用于各类名词前，表特指。 1、Where are the other students? Can you swim in the river? 2、the sun, the moon, the earth, the world, the sky… 3、I have bought a book and a pen. The book is for my sister. 4、the second sentence, in the east ; A bird is flying through the air. 5、the people, the Americans, the policeman, the public, … 6、The rain is falling. The wind is blowing. 7、Shanghai is the London of China, the Venice of the East . 请通过下列句式结构体会the的特指用法： We are living a happy life. The life we are living is happy. They made rapid progress last term. The progress they made last term was rapid. B)定冠词在一些特殊结构中的用法： 1、in + the + 数词的复数形式：in the early 1920s 2、the + 比较级 + …, the + 比较级 + …：; 越……; 就越…… 3、the +姓氏复数：如the Greens, 格林一家 4、the + adj.; the + 分词; the rich 富人; the living 生者; 5、by the + 单位名词：如by the hour 6、v. + sb. + prep. + the +人体各部位：caught me by the arm抓住了我的手臂; 7、play + the + 乐器名称，如：play the piano弹钢琴 8、用在惯用语中。例如： in the day, in the morning （afternoon，evening）,　the day after tomorrow　 the day before yesterday,　the next morning, in the sky （water，field，country）　 in the dark,　in the rain,　in the distance,　 in the middle （of）,　in the end, on the whole,　by the way,　go to the theatre III、零冠词： 1、零冠词的基本用法：一般性的泛指，甚至表抽象意义。 2、复数可数名词、不可数名词前不用冠词，表示泛指； 如：Horses are useful animals. 3、称呼语或表示头衔的名词前不用冠词； We made him president of USA.