选修8 Units2～3词汇讲解.docVIP

选修8 Units2～3词汇讲解 　　1. pay off 取得成功；偿清债务 　　【课本重现】But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough. 　　（1）成功；奏效（通常作不及物短语） 　　He devoted most of his time to learning， believing that hard work would pay off sooner or later. 他把大部分时间都投入了学习，他相信努力迟早会得到回报。 　　The plan finally paid off. 这次计划最终成功了。 　　（2）付清；付清工资后解雇，遣散（及物短语） 　　We paid off our mortgage after 10 years. 我们历经十年还清了抵押借贷。 　　Not until 20 years later did they pay off all their debts. 直到二十年后他们才还清了债务。 　　The crew were paid off as soon as the ship docked. 船一泊港，船员就被付酬解雇了。 　　【词语辨析】pay for 为……付钱；为……付出代价 　　pay back 偿还；报答；报复某人 　　2. objection n. 反对；异议 　　object vi. 反对；不赞成；抗辩 　　【课本重现】On the other hand，Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. 　　I have no objection to him coming to stay. 我不反对他来小住。 　　No objections were raised at the time. 当时没有人提出异议。 　　Many local people object to the building of the new airport. 很多当地的居民反对兴建新机场。 　　I really object to being charged for parking. 我真的反对收停车费。 　　【词语辨析】object为不及物动词，object to sth 　　oppose为及物动词， oppose sth 　　3. forbid vt. 禁止；不准 　　【课本重现】Some began to reform their legal system and forbade research into human cloning. 　　You are all forbidden to leave. 你们都不准离开。 　　Students are forbidden from referring to their notes in the exam. = Students are forbidden to refer to their notes in the exam. 学生们禁止考试时查看笔记。 　　Visitors forbid doing violent sports in the hall. 参观者严禁在大厅内做剧烈运动。 　　【词语辨析】forbid系常用词，指“命令某人不做某事”，后直接接动名词或不定式复合结构，forbid doing/ sb to do sth。 　　ban语气较重，指权威机关“正式禁止做某事”，含“严厉谴责”之意，只能用事物作其宾语。 　　4. strike n/vt 撞击；击打；踢球；（灾难，疾病）侵袭；爆发；突然想到；罢工；划火柴；敲钟；打动 　　【课本重现】The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park， in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs， proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s hearts. 　　The child ran into the road and was struck by a car. 那孩子跑到公路上被车撞了。 　　He struck the ball firmly into the back of the