初中英语被动语态.docVIP

初中被动语态全解 语态表示主语和谓语的关系,英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语，speak的动作是由主语we来执行的。如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说，Chinese是动词speak的承受者。 　一．被动语态的时态：be +动词的过去分词 1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb. Football （play） all over the world。 Many trees （plant） in North China. Rice （grow） in South China. A camera （use） for taking photos I often （ask）to do this work. 2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was /were+及物动词的过去分词＋其它+by sb. The house （build） in 1978. All the students _____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday The car (clean) by Dad yesterday. I （tell）to wait for him right here. When the present （give）to him by his mother？ 3含有情态动词的被动语态结构： 情态动词can / may / must / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb. Chocolate may (send) to him as a present. Computers should （look）after well. Can this kind of machine （mend）by Uncle Wang? No stars can （see） in the day-time by us. Must the old people ____________ (speak) to politely?　 主动语态变为被动的几个特殊情况　 　① 有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改为被动，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有 [let, make, have,help]和感官动词[feel,see,hear,watch,look at,listen to]，如：The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day.改成My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day. 　　② 含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面/也可采用另一种形式，这类动词有：know, say, believe, find, think, report等 　　③ 是所有的主动句都可以变换成被动句，更不是所有的被动句都可以自由变换成主动句。虽然语法原则上允许主动和被动句的互相转换，但有的句子转换后会变成不通顺或不地道的英语句子。因此，在某些题目里，这也成为判断应该用主动还是用被动的依据。 　　例：At 5:05 p.m. on Saturday 19th July , there was an accident at the junction of the Main Street and Panda Road when a boy was knocked down off his bicycle by a delivery van. The boy was sent to St.