名词性从句讲练名词性从句讲练.doc

名词性从句 名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句 名词性从句和名词一样，在句中可担任主语，表语、宾语、同位语 引导名词性从句的连接词有连接代词who , whose , whom , what , which 连接副词when , where , why , how 连接词that , whether , if , as if 连接代词和连接副词在句中充当句子成分，连接词在句中不充当句子成分 I. 主语从句 在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。主语从句可以位于句首，但常见的主语从句多放在句末，句首则用形式主语it。 例如： 1. Who will go is not important. 2. What we need is more time. 3. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 4. That the earth is round is true.= It is true that the earth is round. 5. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided. = It hasn’t been decided whether he will come. 【注意】连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。并且whether引导主语从句时不能用if代替。 6. Who let out the news remained unknown. = It remained unknown who let out the news. 7. How this happened is still a question. 8. It is not clear when we will start. 9. Why he didn’t come here is not clear to anyone. = It is not clear to anyone why he didn’t come here. 10. Who / which is right isn’t known to us. 【注意】who , which , how , when , where , why在所引导的主语从句中可担任主语，宾语，状语，不能省略。可以用形式主语it引导。 另外，有的“It...＋主语从句”已成为固定结构。如： a. It is＋名词＋从句 It is a pity that we can’t go. b. It is＋形容词＋从句 It is clear that Tom has returned. c. It is＋过去分词＋从句 It is said / reported / believed / known... （翻译）据报道一家网吧昨夜着火了。 It was reported that the Net Bar caught fire last night. II. 表语从句 在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句。它一般位于主句系动词之后。 That’s what we should do. The reason for my absence was that I was ill. （翻译）那就是他为什么今早没赶上火车。 That’s why he didn’t catch the train this morning. （翻译）那是因为他今早起晚了。 That’s because he got up late this morning. 1. be , seem , look, sound, appear等动词后均可跟表语从句： My suggestion is that we should go shopping. It seems that it is going to rain. 2. as , as if /though也可引导表语从句 It looks as if it’s going to rain. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 【注意】在表语从句中，当reason做主语时，引导词只能用that，不能用because。如： The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus. III. 宾语从句 在句子中担当宾语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做宾语从句。 1. 作动词宾语 I