英语文学论文范本Writing Presentation.docVIP

Chapter 1 Quotation There are two kinds of quotations: direct and indirect. An indirect quotation may be an interpretation, a paraphrase, or a summary of the original in the writer’s own words.The accuracy of direct quotations in research writing is extremely important. They must reproduce the original sources exactly. Unless indicated in brackets or parenthesis, changes must not be made in the spelling, capitalization, or interior puntuation of the source. Prose If a prose quotation runs no more than four lines and requires no special emphasis, put it in quotation marks and incorporate it into the text. “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times,” wrote Charles Dickens of the 18th century (35). You may quote just a word or phrase as part of your sentences. For Charles Dickens the 18th century was both “the best of times” and “the worst of times” (35). You may put a quotation at the beginning, middle, or end of your sentence or, for the sake of variety or better style, divide it by your own words. If a quotation runs to more than four lines in your paper, set it off from your text by beginning a new line, indenting one inch (ten spaces in typing). At the conclusion of Lord of the Flies, Ralph and the other boys realize the horror of their actions: The tears began to flow and sobs shook him. He gave himself up to them now for the first time on the island; great, shuddering spasms of grief that seemed to wrench his whole body. His voice rose under the black smoke before the burning wreckage of the island; and infected by that emotion, the other little boys began to shake and sob too. (186) If a quotation ending a sentence requires a parethetical refference, place the sentence period after the reference. If you need to quote two or more paragraghs, indent the first line of each paragragh an additional quarter inch (three spaces in typing). If the first sentence quoted does not begin a paragragh in the source, do not indent it the additional amount.