database_03.pptVIP

Copyright 2005 Radian Publishing Co. Chapter 3 Database and Database Environment Part A. Introduction to Database Contents Chapter 3 Database and Database Environment 3.1 A Typical Database 3.1 A. User Data 3.1 B. Metadata 3.1 C. Index 3.1 D. Application metadata 3.2 Database Environment 3.2 A. Database 3.2 B. DBMS 3.2 C. Database Applications 3.2 D. Persons Involved 3.1 A Typical Database A typical database consists of User data Repository metadata indexes application metadata 3.1 A. User Data User data stored in the form of tables called database table with columns representing fields (or attributes) rows representing records (or entity instances) 3.1 B. Metadata (1/2) The metadata (data dictionary) describe the structures of all the database tables their relationships 3.1 B. Metadata (2/2) **Three advantages of storing metadata 1. Program-data independent Programs and data are separated so that easier to maintain the database 2. Improved DBMS efficiency Enable DBMS to efficiently access data in a database 3. Convenient to data users Data users can handle the structure of the data without reading the source codes 3.1 C. Index (1/2) An index special table maintains the positions of records of a table in a specific order, based on the values of one or more fields **Merits and demerits of using index An index improves searching ordering An index consumes system resources should be created more for databases intended to support data retrievals less for heavy updating requirements transaction processing 3.1 C. Index (2/2) During the process of editing adding deleting …records 3.1 D. Application metadata (2/4) A data-entry form consists of blank spaces or default values in the form of text boxes check boxes buttons other controls 3.1 D. Application metadata (3/4) A report a formatted display designed to output database data as printed document 3.1 D. Application metadata (4/4) A query a question to be answered from the database The