高中英语语法归纳：不定式人教版选修7.ppt

13.The teacher asked us___so much noise. (2003北京春季高考) A.dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make * * * * (not) to have been done (not) to have done 完成时 无 (not) to be doing 进行时 (not) to be done (not)to do 一般时 被动语态 主动语态 　　　语态 时态 The tense and voice of the infinitive 不定式运用口诀 本领最多不定式，主、表、宾、补、定和状。 样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。 大家千万要当心，有时它把句型改， 作主宾时用“it”, 自己在后把身藏。 七个感官三使役， 宾补要把to甩开； 疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当； 逻辑主语不定式，不定式前for sb. ; to前not是否定， 各种用法区别开。 1.不定式的用法 (1) 作主语 eg.1) To see is to believe. 2) It is right to give up smoking. 不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it 作形式主语。 (2) 作宾语 不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it 作形式宾语。 eg. 1) He wanted to go. 2) I find it interesting to work with him. (3) 作宾语补足语 eg. He asked me to do the work with him. 在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但 是这 些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。 Eg. I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 注意 ②不定式动词在介词but, except, besides 后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do 的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to, 否则要带to。 Eg.1) She could do nothing but cry. 2) I have no choice but to go. (4)作定语　 Eg.I have some books for you to read. ①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 　Eg. He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothing to worry about. Please give me a knife to cut with. 但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place 或way, 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。 Eg. He had no money and no place to live. 注意 ②当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的 承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态， 但其含义有所不同。试比较： A. Have you anything to send? B. Have you anything to be sent? (5) 作状语,表示目的、原因、结果或条件　 Eg. I came here to see you. 　　We were very excited to hear the news. 　　He hurried to the school to find nobody there. 　　To look at him, you would like him. (目的) (原因) (结果) (条件) 　目的状语还可以用 in order to 或 so as to来表示。 Eg. 1) In order to pass the exam, he worked very ha