《高二物理机械能守恒定律及其应用.pptVIP

(1)H的大小等于多少? (2)试讨论此球能否到达BDO轨道的O点,并说明理由. 答案:(1)10 m (2)能 理由见解析 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 解析:(1)小球从H高处落下,进入轨道,沿BDO轨道做圆周运动,小球受重力和轨道的支持力.设小球通过D点的速度为v,通过D点时轨道对小球的支持力F(大小等于小球对轨道的压力)是它做圆周运动的向心力,即 ① Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 方法总结:该类问题考查机械能守恒定律的应用,常和圆周运动?抛体运动或限定条件下的复杂运动相结合,该类题目主要有两个知识点:(1)机械能守恒定律或动能定理?功能关系;(2)牛顿第二定律及临界条件的分析. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 创新预测4 (2009·南通模拟)取离地球无限远处为重力势能的零点,设地球质量为M,半径为R,引力常量为G,距地面高 h,质量为m的人造地球卫星的势能为 则该卫星的总机械能为多少? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 高 效 作 业 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一?选择题 1.下列几种情况,系统的机械能守恒的是( ) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. A.图(a)中一颗弹丸在光滑的碗内做复杂的曲线运动 B.图(b)中运动员在蹦床上越跳越高 C.图(c)中小车上放一木块,小车的左侧有弹簧与墙壁相连.小车在左右振动时,木块相对于小车无滑动(车轮与地面摩擦不计) D.图(c)中如果小车振动时,木块相对小车有滑动 答案:AC Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 解析:A选项中弹丸受重力和支持力,支持力不做功,只有重力做功,所以机械能守恒.B选项中运动员做功,其机械能越来越大.C选项中只有弹簧弹力做功,机械能守恒.D选项中有滑动摩擦力做功,所以机械能不守恒. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.在一种叫做“蹦极跳”的运动中,质量为m的游戏者身系一根长为L?弹性优良的轻质柔软橡皮绳,从高处由静止开始下落1.5L时到达最低点,若在下落过程中不计空气阻力,则以下说法正确的是( ) A.速度先增大后减小B.加速度先减小后增大 C.动能增加了mgLD.重力势能减少了mgL 答案:A Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyrigh