Data Collection Methods + Investigative Research.docVIP

Collecting, Integrating, and Interpreting Data from Diverse Sources 收集，整合和解释数据从不同来源 Data Collection Methods Self-report measures Reports by other people Interview Observation, participatory-nonparticipatory Case history Records and documents Physical evidence Audio and video records Nonreactive, unobtrusive techniques Experience-near methods 自我报告的措施其他人的报告采访观察，参与，nonparticipatory个案史记录和文件物证音频和视频记录无反应性，不显眼的技术经验附近方法 Brainstorm Test of honesty, bystander helping behavior Investigative Research Octogrammic (bagua) investigation 脑力激荡诚实的测试，旁观者帮助行为调查研究Octogrammic（八卦）的调查 Interview Purpose Impartiality vs. the art of persuasion 目的公正性与说服的艺术 Types of interview Clinical Selection, screening Fact finding, interrogation Structured-nonstructured Open-ended vs. directed or specific questioning 临床选拔，筛选实况调查，审讯结构的非结构化不限成员名额与指示或具体的质疑 Techniques of interviewing and interrogation Establishing rapport, attentiveness Uncovering and utilizing useful information Reducing bias Lying and lie detection Don’t Leading questions Repeated questions Imagery inductions Do Maintain neutrality, impartiality Testing alternatives Give appropriate warnings 建立融洽的关系，注意力发现和利用有用的信息减少偏差撒谎和测谎不要引导性问题重复的问题意象归纳不要保持中立，公正测试替代品给予适当的警告 Integrating and Interpreting Data Description and interpretation should be separated. 整合和解释数据应分开描述和解释。 Item Date Type Data Remark / Score / Interpretation 1 030701 CH Diagnosed as having a life-threatening illness Psychosocial stressor rated as “severe” 2 030801 CH Discharged from hospital Doctors said it was a “miraculous” recovery 3 030810 RO Wife: “He is behaving strangely, more contemplative. Keeps quiet, more patient.” Reported change of behavior 4 030812 Ob Seen reading books on death and dying, meaning of life—books he never took any interest in before Observed change of behavior 5 030812 SR I no longer fear death Self-reported change of state of mind 6 040101 RO Elder brother: He seems to have gained i