Student_Answers_Chapter_08.doc

Suggested answer for Exercise 8.1 (a) The instanceOf stereotypes are only shown here for illustration. The fact that the objects are instances of the Position class is already shown in the label of each object. (b) We assume that the counter maintains a single integer value, which is initialized to zero. Set and reset have the same effect, and so are modelled as a single operation, setToZero. (c) An enumeration is used below to specify the possible states of the switch. In this particular case, a Boolean state variable could be used, but defining an enumeration gives greater scope for extensibility. Alternatively, the class interface could be specified without specifying how the state is recorded. (d) An attribute with `many multiplicity is used below to record the set of illuminated lights, using the Colour enumeration illustrated in Figure 8.3. The OCL notation for collection literals has been used to show the values of this attribute in the object icon. Suggested answer for Exercise 8.2 (a) A person can have zero or more books out on loan, and each book can be borrowed by at most one person at any given time. (b) A person can have read many books, and each book may have been read by many people. (c) A piece can only occupy one square at a time, and if it has been captured, it occupies no square. Each square can have at most one piece on it. If the aim is to model only pieces on the board, the multiplicity at the right of this association should be `exactly 1. (d) The multiplicities below refer to who is married to whom at a given time, assuming no polygamy or polyandry. As the spouse relation is symmetric, it can simply be labelled with an association name. (e) A person can have zero or more children, but each person has exactly two (biological) parents. This relation is not symmetric, so adding role names makes the intended interpretation clearer.  Suggested answer for Exercise 8.7 The job titles and salaries can most naturally be mo