英美概况期末复习资料英美概况末复习资料.doc

US The full name of America is the United States of America。 The American flag is often called the “The Stars and Stripes”. The American anthem圣歌 is often called the “The Star-Spangled Banner”. 2. Location and Size P.169 The mainland of the U.S.A. is Situated in the south of North America, mainly within the northern temperate zone; Facing the Pacific Ocean on the west. It provides convenient sea routes for America’s foreign trade with the Far East; Bordering on the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The Atlantic is still the most important sea route from American to Europe and the Middle East; Bordering on the Gulf of Mexico to the south; Two land neighbours: Canada to the north and Mexico to the south； ★It consists of 50 states of which two (Alaska and Hawaii) are separated from the continental U.S.A. ★河流图 P.203 The old immigration—those who were “pushed out” of Europe and came to settle in America before 1860. The new immigration—those who were “pulled to” America by expectation of good jobs and high income after 1860. The Chinese-Americans (over 1 million) Before the 1920s: Before the 1920s, there was no numerical restriction on immigration in America, although the 1882 Chinese Exclusive Act banned Chinese immigration for years and made it impossible for Chinese immigrants to become naturalized citizens. The 1920s and 1930s:mainly English From 1965 to 1980:racial discrimination is abolished.种族歧视被废除 ★The first immigration upsurge of the Chinese—the California Gold Rush in1849. ★The second immigration upsurge of the Chinese—the construction of the US continental railroad in the early 1860s. ★Immigration laws in historyP.177 The 1882 Chinese Exclusive Act banned Chinese immigration for years and made it impossible for Chinese immigrants to become naturalized citizens. The 1920s and 1930s:The 1921 Emerging Quota Act and the 1924 National Origins Act (together known as the Immigration Quota Law移民入境限额法set limits on the number of immigrants from each country