英国文学复习名解英国文学复习解.doc

English Literature 4. 启蒙时期文学/Literature Enlightenment period（17世纪后期—18世纪中期） 5. 浪漫主义时期文学/Romantic literature period（1798-1832） 6. 现实主义时期文学/Realism period（19世纪30年代-1918） 7. 现代主义文学时期/Modern Literature period （1918-1945） 8. 当代文学/Contemporary Literature（1945— 今） The public movement: the Enlightenment (启蒙运动)（注意：名词解释） The eighteenth-century England is also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason/ .The Enlightenment Movement was a progressive movement which flourished in France and swept through the whole Western Europe at the time The Enlightenment was an expression of struggle of the progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism. The movement was a furtherance促进 of the Renaissance of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. They held that rationality or reason should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activities. They called for a reference to order, reason and rules They believed that when reason served as the yardstick标准 for the measurement of all human activities and relations, every superstition, injustice and oppression was to yield place to eternal truth, eternal justice and natural equality. The enlighteners advocated universal education. They believed that human beings were limited, dualistic?二元的, imperfect, and yet capable of rationality and perfection through education. 1)The Features of English Enlightenment (1)English enlighteners believed in the power of reason. That is why the 18th century has often been called “the age of reason” or “the kingdom of reason”. (2) Most of the enlighteners believed that social problems could be solved by human intelligence. (3) English Enlighteners of the 18th century criticized different aspects of c