unit6被动语态.docVIP

英语的语态：主动语态和被动语态 什么时候要用被动语态呢 知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。 Football is played all over the world． ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。 The bridge was built last year. ③需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 The room hasnt been cleaned yet. ④当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如： The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。 ⑤汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等客观的说明时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house. It was reported that her mother died of SARS. It is well known that …众所周知… … It is supposed that …据推测说… … ⑥汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如 Tina is asked to come by Paul．Tina是被Paul叫来的。 ⑦某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989． 被动语态的谓语构成 助动词be＋动词过去分词(根据句子的主语和时态，助动词be的变化是通过人称、数和时态的变化表现出来的，疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 有am, is, are, was, were, been几个形式变化。) 时 态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+过去分词 一般过去时 did was/were+过去分词 一般将来时 will/be going to+动词原形 will/be going to+be+过去分词 过去将来时 would+动词原形 would+be+过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are+现在分词 am/is/are+being+过去分词 过去进行时 was/were+现在分词 was/were+being+过去分词 现在完成时　 have/has+过去分词 have/has+been+过去分词 过去完成时 had+过去分词 had+been+过去分词 含情态动词 情态动词+动词原形 情态动词+be+过去分词 主动语态变被动语态解题步骤 1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者 2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语. They make shoes in that factory. are Shoes made by them. were 主动句中谓语动词的发出者由by引出，作为by的宾语，也可以省略。 请看以下主动语态和被动语态结构的转换： 主动语态:主语＋谓语＋宾语 被动语态: 主语+be+过去分词+by+宾语 例： We clean our classroom every day. （主动） 　　 Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. [注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。如上 例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也 要用一般现在时。 　　　②如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词 by的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。 一．一般现在时被动语态 S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词 1.Li Ming drives the bus through the city. The bus ___ ______by Li Ming through the city. 2.They look after the children well. The children _____well _____ _____by them. 3.The policeman stops us at the station. We ___ _______by the policeman at the station. 4. His father tells them a story every day. They ____ _____a s