(优)初级统计学.pptVIP

Chapter 1Introduction to Statistics Definition Data observations (such as measurements, genders, survey responses) that have been collected Definition Statistics a collection of methods for planning studies and experiments, obtaining data, and then organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing, interpreting, and drawing conclusions based on the data 描述统计与推断统计 描述统计——用图形、表格和概括性的数字对数据进行描述的统计方法，所论不超出已有数据。 推断统计（统计推断）——根据样本信息对总体进行估计、假设检验、预测或其他推断的统计方法。 Application areas of statistics actuarial work (精算) agriculture (农业) animal science (动物学) anthropology (人类学) archaeology