2013外研英语二轮专题课件：语法突破 第六讲 定语从句.pptVIP

新课标高考总复习·英语(配外研版) 关系词的选择是高考考查的重点。做好定语从句的有关试题，必须牢记三要点： 1．分析从句是否为定语从句，而这在很大程度上取决于整句的逻辑含义。 2．分析定语从句的成分，看从句是否缺主语、宾语或状语等，因为引导(关系)词在定语从句中是必须充当一定成分的(或主语、或宾语、或状语等)。 3．观察先行词的特点：指人或是指物；或是指人又指物；是否被某些特殊词所限定、修饰，句子结构是否特别。 考点 关系词 指代范围 在从句中所作成分 典句示例 关系代词与关系副词的判定 who 人 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略) The boy who is standing there is my cousin. whom 人 宾语(限制性定语从句可省略) The man(whom)you met yesterday is Mr Smith. whose(＝of whom＝名词＋of whom＝of which＝名词＋of which＝of which＋名词) 人或物 定语 Do you know the boy whose father(the father of whom)is an engineer? He lives in a house whose windows(the windows of which/of which the windows)face south. 考点 关系词 指代范围 在从句中所作成分 典句示例 关系代词与关系副词的判定 which 物 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略) Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures. The pen(which)my uncle gave me is missing. that 人或物 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略，不引导非限制性定语从句) A plane is a machine that can fly. I don’t know the man(that)you mentioned. 考点 关系词 指代范围 在从句中所作成分 典句示例 关系代词与关系副词的判定 当先行词way意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有两种情况：1.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，用关系代词that或which。 2．当定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语时，可用in which，that或不用任何关系词 The way(that/in which)he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.(关系词在从句中作状语，相当于in this/that way) The way(that/which)he explained to us was quite simple.(关系代词that/which在从句中作宾语) The way(that/which)he showed us leads to the small village.(way意为“道路”) 特别提醒： 1．如何选择关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。若及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词作宾语；而不及物动词则不可带宾语，故用关系副词。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主语、宾语、表语、状语)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 2．定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致 (1)one of＋复数名词＋关系代词＋复数动词 (2)the only one of＋复数名词＋关系代词＋单数动词 考点 关系词 指代范围 在从句中所作成分 典句例示 几组关系代词的区别 用that不用which 先行词是all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none时 Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy. Please get ready for everything(that)we need. 先行词被only，any，few，no，very，little等修饰时 This is the very book that I’m looking for. The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 先行词是形容词最高级或序数词或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时 This is the best film(that)I have ever seen. 先行词为人、物并用时 He talked about things and persons