4-主谓一致.pptVIP

主 谓 一 致 概念：谓语动词在人称与数上必须同主语保持一致，叫主谓一致。 主谓一致 语法一致原则 意义一致原则 就近 一致原则 ? 句子的主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。 如： A sheep eats grass. Sheep eat grass. He is a student. We are students. I、语法一致原则 II、意义一致原则 即谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的意义是单数还是复数。 如： Chinese are hard-working． 中国人是勤劳的。 Chinese is my favorite subject. 汉语是我最喜爱的科目。 1、动词不定式、动名词，从句或不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。 2、表示时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等的词或短语做主语时，表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数。 如：Listening to the tapes is helpful to our English study . What she said is correct. 如: (1) Ten years has passed. (2) Twenty kilometers is a long way for him . 3、由and ，both…and连接的两个名词做主语， 表示两个不同的人或物时(每个名词前各有冠词，谓语动词用复数。 指同一个人或物时（此时第二个名词前没有冠词），谓语动词用单数。 如：The painter and the writer have come to our school. ( 画家和作家，两个人) The painter and writer has come to our school . （画家兼作家，同一个人） 4、不定代词（somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything , nobody, no one, nothing, each , every） 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 如： Lucy, someone is waiting for you at the gate . Is everyone here? 5、主语是单数， 后面跟着as well as, but, besides, except, with, together with, along with 等再接一个名词时， 谓语不受后一个名词的影响， 仍然用单数。如果第一个名词是复数，后再接这些词再加一个名词，谓语用复数。也就是说，谓语要与第一个名词保持一致。 Jack as well as his parents goes to see his grandpa every week. A woman with a baby in her hands was seen coming from the corner of the street.. 6. 集体名词：army, class, enemy, family, government, group, team等作主语，如果主语作为一个整体看，谓语用单数；如果作为其中的成员（个体）看，谓语用复数。 The family are watching TV now. 他们一家人正在看电视。 My family is a happy one. 我的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。 III 就近一致原则： or either…or… neither… nor.. not only…but also… not…but… 连接两个名词或代词作主语，谓语要与最靠近谓语的那个 名词或