[中考化学复习第二单元课件新人教版.pptVIP

第二单元 我们周围的空气 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 空气的组成及用途 1.氧气含量的测定(用红磷作反应物) (1)实验装置。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (2)现象。 有_________产生，集气瓶内液面上升约占集气瓶体积的 _____。 (3)反应的化学方程式为：________________。 (4)结论：氧气约占空气体积_____。 大量白烟 1／5 4P+5O2 2P2O5 1／5 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 【思考感悟】1.由实验推断，反应后集气瓶内的剩余气体具备哪些性质？ 提示：红磷耗尽集气瓶内的氧气后不再燃烧，集气瓶内的水面不再变化，说明反应后集气瓶内的剩余气体不支持燃烧、不燃烧且难溶于水。 2.用蜡烛代替红磷做此实验，能否达到相同的目的？ 提示：蜡烛燃烧后的生成物中有二氧化碳气体，无法准确测定空气中氧气的体积，因此用蜡烛代替红磷无法达到该实验的目的。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.空气的成分及含量(体积分数) 3.主要气体的用途 (1)氧气用于___________________。 (2)氮气用于制硝酸和_____；作_______。 (3)稀有气体常用来制电光源；制造低温环境等。 氮气 氧气 稀有气体 二氧化碳 其他气体和杂质 _____ _____ 0.94% ______ 0.03% 78% 21% 0.03% 供给呼吸，支持燃烧 氮肥 保护气 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 空气的污染及防治 污染物:计入空气污染指数的项目包括: _________、_________、_________、 可吸入颗粒物和臭氧等 (1)加强_____________。 防治措施 (2)使用_________。 (3)积极植树、_____、_____等。 空气污染 二氧化硫 一氧化碳 二氧化氮 大气质量监测 清洁能源 造