[信息技术与课程整合思维导图MindMap.ppt

概念图（Concept Map） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 什么是概念图 概念图（concept mapping）是一种用图表组织和阐述表达知识的工具，也是一种知识结构的表现方式，是语义网络的可视化表示。其基本方法是：概念用节点（nodes）表示，概念间的关系用节点间的连线（links）表示，知识则被看作是由各种概念和这些概念所形成的各种关系。因此概念图就包括概念及概念的连結两大部分。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 概念图之所以能强有力地促进意义学习是因为它可以作为一种模板，去帮助组织知识并使之结构化，哪怕是碎小的、肢离的知识，有了这块模板，就可以用小的彼此相关的概念及命题的框架单元把这些知识组成结构。许多研究表明，我们的大脑是按层级架构来组织知识的，而概念图的形式恰与之相似：在构建概念图过程中，学习者将概念通过横向、纵向、回溯等等的联系构成阶层化的、由高级到低级或由大到小的、逐渐分化的图表，在这一过程中，知识被高度浓缩，各种概念及其关系以类似于脑对知识储存的层级结构形式排列，清晰地提示了意义建构的实质。同时学习者可以随时对概念图进行补充、修改，充实发展自己的知识结构，从而有助于其进行有意义学习。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1984年Novak 教授提出的“概念图可促进反思”就是对概念图促进意义建构的概括。由于概念图能够促进学习的意义建构，目前化学、生物、医学等学科都有应用概念图教学的成功实例。实践表明，经过训练养