主谓一致Subject-verb Concord2.pptVIP

Subject-verb Concord Helen Lina 1. 3 Basic Guiding Principes 2. Problems of concord with nouns ending in-s 3. Problems of concord with collective nouns Links: Useful Tips grammatical concord （一）语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。也就是说，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。 例如： 1. Lina’s table is a genuine antique. 2. Xu qiong wants to go home. 3. They are looking at each other. 4. Zhao longfeng was watching herself in the mirror. notional concord （二）意义一致原则有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。如主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： 1. The United States is a developed country. 2. Cao yan’s new trousers costs two yuan. 3. My family are having lunch now. 4. Four thousand dollars is not a problem for Xiao he. principle of proximity （三）就近原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 例如： 1. Either Cao yan or Zhao longfeng is coming. 2. Neither Helen nor I am going. 3. Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 4. There is a pen and some books on the desk. Problems of Concord With Nouns Ending Ic-s 以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题 （一）以 -s 结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题  Arthritis（关节炎）, bronchitis（支气管炎）, diabetes（糖尿病）, mumps（腮腺炎）, phlebitis（静脉炎）, rickets（软骨病）, 这类以-s 结尾的疾病名称作主语时，谓语动词通常用作单数 。 例如： 1.The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease. 2. Measles usually occurs in children. 但也有一些疾病名称既可作单数页可作复数用。 例如 1. Measles are sometimes caused by a tapeworm. 2. Rickets is / are caused by malnutrition(营养不良）. 以 -s 结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题 以 -s 结尾的游戏名称作主语时，谓语动词通常用作单数 。 例如： 1. Darts is basically a easy game. 2. Marbles is not confined to children. 但当 Darts ， Marbles 等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时，谓语动词通常用作复数。 例如： 1.Three darts are thrown at each turn. 2.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw. 以 -ics 结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题 以“ -ics” 结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。 例如 : 1. Mathematics seems easy to me . 2. 但是，表“具体的学业、活动”等时，多用