哈佛大学开放课程《领袖心理学》(Psychology_of_Leadership-Tal_Ben_Shahar)_1508-02-Janus讲义.ppt

Espoused Versus In-Use “Most individuals studied seem to be able to detect the discrepancies between their espoused theories and theories-in-use of others, but were not able to detect similar discrepancies in themselves.” Chris Argyris “Espoused theories of action are those that people report as a basis for actions. Theories-in-use are the theories of action inferred from how people actually behave.” Chris Argyris The Challenge of Challenging “CEO disease: the information vacuum around a leader created when people withhold important (and usually unpleasant) information.” Daniel Goleman “It takes one kind of courage to face a duelist, but it’s nothing like the courage it takes to tell a friend, No.” Harry Truman The Challenge of Being Challenged “Faced with the choice between changing one’s mind and proving that there is no need to do so, almost everybody gets busy on the proof.” John Kenneth Galbraith “We say we want the truth, what we mean is that we want to be correct.” Mihnea Moldoveanu Rationalizing over rationality “The leader needs a circle of associates who are willing to be both supportive and critical. Pity the leader caught between unloving critics and uncritical lovers. Leaders need reassurance, but just as important they need advisors who tell them the truth, gently but candidly.” John Gardner Healthy Synthesis Person AND Situation Democratic AND Authoritarian Dogmatism AND Relativism Tough AND Nice * Psychology 1508: Janusian Thinking “The goal in leadership development, it is important to remember, is to develop well-rounded leaders, ones with the skills and personal attributes needed to adapt, act with flexibility, and combine what appear to be opposites: toughness and compassion, self-confidence and humility, strong individuals and good team players.” Russ Moxley, Center for Creative Leadership Janusian Thinking “conceiving two or more opposite or antithetical ideas, images or concepts sim