2008年高考英语语法专题三 代词与it 的用法.docVIP

语法专题三 代词与it 的用法 [考点解析]Who is knocking at the door? --It’s me. --Who did it? --Me. 物主代词 物主代词分为形容词性物代词和名词性物主代词. 形容词性物主代词只能和名词连用, 对名词起限定作用. 名词性物主代词在意思上相当于 “形容词性物主代词+名词”, 在句中起名词作用, 作主语, 宾语和补语. 例如: His hat is the brown one. Ours (Our house) is the only house here that is being painted. I left my camera at home. You can use hers (her camera). 指示代词 指示代词可在句中作主语, 宾语和起限定作用. 例如: Those present at the meeting included the mayor and mayoress and the local member of parliament. --Shall we buy this book or that one? I like that one. 反身代词 反身代词是用后缀-self (复数-selves)加上第一人称, 第二人称的形容词性物主代词, 或者加上第三人称代词的宾格形式构成的。可在句中作宾语, 表语或同位语, 也可由并列连词连接, 与另一词并列作主语. 例如: Tom and Ann blamed themselves for the accident. Frank is not quite himself today. She liked the diamond itself but not the setting. My wife and myself were invited to the party. 相互代词 表示相互关系的代词称为相互代词, 只有each other和one another, 它们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个对象之间是相互存在的.在现代英语中,它们可以替换使用.例如: We have known each other since we were children. They looked at one another, in hatred and despair. 疑问代词 疑问代词常用于特殊疑问句中, 一般放在句首, 并在句中作某一句子成分, 可作主语, 宾语, 表语和定语. 疑问代词都可用作连接代词, 引导名词性从句(主语从句, 宾语从句和表语从句). 例如: Who is going to speak to us tomorrow? What do you usually have for lunch? What is the matter? Don’t you feel well? Whose umbrella is this? Tell me who he is. 关系代词 关系代词是用来引导形容词性从句的, 有主格, 宾格和所有格, 也有人称和非人称之分. 例如: He that would eat the fruit must climb the tree. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French. The house whose windows are broken is unoccupied. 不定代词 不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词. 常见的不定代词有all, both, each, every等 .以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词, 如:anybody, something, no one. 这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语, 宾语,表语和定语, 但none和由some, any, no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语, 宾语或表语; every和no只能作定语. 如: One should learn to think of others. He gave every patient the same medicine. All the students have come. 上