派生词--后缀.docVIP

一、构成名词的后缀: ? 1.后缀-er / -or表示 “…的人; 供做…的物”, 如: islander, bottle-opener, thinker, writer, learner, passenger, designer, photo copier ? 2.后缀–ist表示 “做…的人; …家; …主义者”, 如: communist共产主义者, Marxist马克思主义者, socialist社会主义者, pianist钢琴家, typist打字员, journalist记者 ? 3.后缀–ism表示 “…主义; ..学说; …行为; …状态”, 如: socialism社会主义, Marxism马克思主义, tourism旅游业 ? 4.后缀-ness, 如: darkness, carelessness, gentleness, kindness, business, sadness ? 5.后缀-ing, 如: sightseeing, feeling, painting, finding, saving, earning, meaning, training, belonging, greeting ? 6.后缀–tion, 如: invitation, invention, pronunciation, composition, contribution, collection, situation ? 7.后缀–sion, 如: expression, impression, procession, permission ? 8.后缀–ment, 如: government, movement, development, equipment, announcement, punishment, treatment ? 9.后缀–ship表示 “…的状态; …的技能; …术”, 如: friendship, partnership伙伴关系, seamanship航海术, hardship困苦, readership读者群, scholarship会员身份, ownership所有制 ? 10.后缀–hood表示身份, 资格, 时间, 集体, 状态, 如: brotherhood兄弟般的关系, likelihood可能性, neighborhood邻里, childhood童年时代, boyhood少年时代, girlhood少女时代 ? 11.后缀–ity, 如: reality现实, ability能力, activity活动, possibility可能性, regularity正规, nationality国籍, disability残疾, minority少数 ? 12.后缀–ence, 如: difference区别, existence存在, silence沉默, occurrence事件, reference提及, conference会议 ? 13.后缀-ance, 如: appearance出现, performance表演, acceptance接受, assistance帮助, distance距离 ? 14.后缀-ure, 如: pleasure快乐, failure失败, exposure暴露, closure关闭, mixture混合, gesture姿势 ? 15.后缀–ess表示女性或雌性, 如: hostess女主人, mistress主妇, lioness雌狮子, waitress女服务员 ? 16.后缀–th, 如: truth真理, strength力量, length长度, growth成长, depth深度 ? 17.后缀–al, 如: removal除去, survival幸存, proposal建议, trial试验, approval承认 ? 18.后缀–ant表示 “做…事的人或物”, 如: accountant会计, applicant申请者, consultant请教者, servant服务员, assistant助手, expectant期待者 ? 19.后缀–ee表示 “受…者,…行为者”, 如: employee受雇者, payee收款人, referee受委托者, appointee被任命者 ? 20.后缀–eer表示 “与…有关者, 从事…者”, 如: volunteer自愿者, profiteer不当得利者, racketeer诈骗者 ? 21.后缀-ful表示 “满量”, 如: basketful一篮, handful一把, houseful满屋子 ? 22.后缀–ese表示 “…的人, …语”, 如: Japanese