宾语语从句 2宾语从句 2.doc

3． 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1) 从属连词that。如：He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。1． Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。 (2)从属连词if/whether。如：I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。I don’t know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。如：Who or what he was, Martin never learned.他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。I wonder what he’s writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。(1) 介词宾语从句宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。1．如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。He has made it clear that he will not give in.他已表明他不会屈服。2．作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如：He is a good student except that he is careless.他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我会帮助你的。介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：Are you sorry for what youve done?你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？3．某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可省略。如：I am not sure what I ought to do.我不能确定我该做什么。Im afraid you dont understand what I said.恐怕你没领会我说的意思。Im surprised that I didnt see all that before.我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。4．连词whether (…or not)或if引导的宾语从句if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。如：I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较：Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。5．宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的