毕业论文-吕小伟毕论文-吕小伟.doc

旱地不同覆盖和施肥方式对马铃薯产量 和水分利用效率的影响 吕晓伟 （甘肃农业大学农学院农学专业，甘肃兰州，730070） 摘要：本试验以马铃薯“新大坪”为试材，研究半干旱区（年均降雨量415mm）旱地不同覆盖种植方式和施肥方式对马铃薯产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，与农户模式（CK）相比，全膜覆盖垄沟种植模式(高产模式HP)产量提高10.7%，达显著水平(P﹤0.5)；随产量增加，其水分利用效率增加5.5%;在同种种植模式下,马铃薯全膜覆盖垄沟种植花期追肥(高产高效模式HPE)较HP增产14.8%，随产量增加，其水分利用效率增加11.2%，差异均达显著水平(P﹤0.5)。HPE较CK增产27.2%，水分利用效率提高17.4%，差异达极显著水平(P﹤0.1)。由于HPE起垄覆膜，集雨抑蒸，同时花期追肥，较好实现了马铃薯生长期水肥协同，表现较高的产量和水分利用效率，因此HPE是适宜本区使用的一种马铃薯栽培模式。 关键词：马铃薯;全膜覆盖垄沟种植；花期追肥；经济产量；水分利用效率 Title（3号 Effect of different mulching and fertilizing method on yield and water use Efficiency of potato LV xiaowei （Major in agronomy in the college of agronomy of Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu Lanzhou,730070） Abstract: In this experiment, potato “xindaping” as materials, we study the effect of different mulching and fertilizing method on yield and water use Efficiency of potato in semi-arid area (average annual rainfall is 415mm). The results show that, compared with the farmers mode (CK), the membrane covering the whole furrow planting mode (high-yield model HP) production increased by 10.7%, the different was significant (P 0.5); with the increasingly production, water use efficiency increased by 5.5%; the same planting mode, the membrane covering the whole potato furrow planting flowering dressing (high yield and high efficiency mode HPE) yield of 14.8% compared with HP, with the increasingly production, water use efficiency increased by 11.2%, the difference reached a significant level (P 0.5). HPE compared with CK increase of 27.2%, water use efficiency increased by 17.4%, the difference was very significant level (P 0.1). The HPE covered ridge, rainwater harvesting steam suppression, flowering dressing, to achieve a better water and fertilizer co-potato growing season, higher yield and water use efficiency, HPE is a appropriately cultivation mode of potato in the semi-arid area. ××××××（五号Times New Romar，200—300个实词）××××××××××××××××××××××…… Key words: Potato; The membrane covering the whole furrow planting mode; Fl