物种与物种形成论文种与物种形成论文.docVIP

目 录 摘要 3 正文 4 摘要：物种与物种形成问题不仅是现代生物科学上的基本问题 , 而且其中也涉及哲学中的许多重要问题, 这些哲学问题在长时期以来还没有得到充分的讨论与最后的解决。物种形成，从一个种内产生出另一个新种的过程。物种是具有一定形态和生理特征以及一定自然分布区的生物类群，是生物分类的基本单元，也是生物繁殖和进化的基本单元Species and species form problem is not only the basic problems of modern biological science, and which also involved in many important problems in philosophy, the philosophical problem over a long period has not been fully discussed with the final solution. Within the species form, from a kind of process to produce another new species. Species is a certain morphological and physiological characteristics as well as a certain natural distribution area of organisms, is the basic unit of biological classification, also is the basic unit of biological reproduction and evolution. Creatures from the old species evolved into or differentiation of new kind of process. Species, or biological species, is the basic unit of the classification of organisms and speciation is the most basic biological evolution process. From a kind of evolution of another species, known as straight-line species form, does not increase the number of species; From one kind of split into two or more species, known as branching species form, increase the number of species, is for many kinds of biological development main form. Either linear or branch type, the basic mechanism of speciation is similar. A kind of biological and other species have strict distinction, reflects the step in the process of biological evolution. Speciation is a process of evolution, refers to the classification of organisms on the species was born. Nature of the species form mainly has four kinds of models. 正文 生物学中的重要尚题之一, 关赞物种的周题是久未解决的问题。物种的特征及其属性; 物种的形成; 物种简及物种内个体周的相互联系等问题, 是大家所饶有兴趣的问题。由于物种的繁多, 由于物种的形形色色, 由于物种的表象反映本质的质上及量上的不同,而迄今意见纷纷莫衷一是。物种既然是客观真实存在的, 由物质构成的生物有机体也是客观具实存在的。个体间的普遍联系也是客观上必然真实存在的。C.R.达尔文早就注意到地理因素在种分歧和种形成中的作用。P.M.哈蒙德1981年将与种形成有关的地理因素区分为13种情况, 并归纳为4种