ppt课件-1。我istring integerto s c（1. integerto a s c i istring）.pptVIP

1. Integer to ASCII string For example, if $a0 = 0000002A, which is 101010two=42ten, then $a1 = addi $t0, $zero, 10 div $a0, $t0 # $a0/10 mflo $a1 # $a1 = quotient addi $a1, $a1, 0x30 # convert to ASCII mfhi $t0 # $t0 = remainder addi $t0, $t0, 0x30 # convert to ASCII sll $t0, $t0, 8 or $a1, $a1, $t0 2. Integer Division 3. MIPS Instruction addi $a1, $zero, 32 loop: addi $a1, $a1, -4 lw $a0, 8($a1) beq $a1, $zero, exit j loop exit 4. Floating-Point 1100 0000 0010 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000 ?1*8513-511*0.011=?64*(1/4+1/8)=?24 Smallest number 8-512*2-22 10-600 Why no hidden bit? For base 2, we can always normalize to 1.M*2e. For example, (0.1)two = (1.0)two*2?1, (0.01)two= (1.0)two*2?2, (0.001)two = (1.0)two*2?3 For base 8, it is not always possible to normalize to 1.M*8e. For example, (0.1)two=(0.1)two*80=(100.0)two*8, (0.01)two=(0.01)two*80=(10.0)two*8?1 For any base other than 2, there can not be any hidden bit. 5. Questions Booths algorithm: See 00, 11 do nothing See 01, addition See 10, subtraction Best if 11111111111…, 1 add, 1 sub Worst if 101010101…, 16 add, 16 sub Speedup 2 hours from CLL to AUS 4 hours from AUS to LAX, 1200 miles Total 6 hours Speedup 2, meaning 3 hours Alternative answer (assume perm between AUS and LAX) 1 hour from AUS to LAX = 1200/hour Total 4 hours 2 hours from AUS to LAX = 600/hour b) MIPS Convert beq $a0, 0x1234abcd, exit Answer: lui $at, 0x1234 ori $at, $at, 0xabcd beq $a0, $at, exit e) Floating-Point Associative Operation ? is associative if a?(b?c) = (a?b)?c For example, + and * is associate What about division? 3/(4/5)=(3/4)/5? No! FP addition: a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c? 10^1000+(-10^1000+1)=0 (10^1000-10^1000)+1=1 Example: Avoid FP error To compute the average age for all people in USA Method 1: Add age of all people into total Compute total/295,000,000 Method 2: Compute average age for each group of 1,000 people Compute the average of every 1,000 groups Compute the average of the 295 averages Which met