高中英语 直接引语和间接引语知识精讲 北师大版.docVIP

高二英语 直接引语和间接引语知识精讲 北师大版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 直接引语和间接引语 完全按照原句或原段逐字引述,被引述的部分叫做直接引语。 间接引语是用引述人的语言把被引述的原话内容转述出来。引述时，原话中的人称代词、物主代词、动词时态以及指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等都要有相应的变化。 （一）人称代词和物主代词的转变 一般来说，间接引语的主述人是第三者向其他人转述，因此由直接引语变成间接引语时，人称代词和物主代词有下面的转变： 直接引语 间接引语 I he/ she Me him/ her we they us them you he/ she/ they/ him/ her/ them my his/ her mine his/ hers our their ours theirs your his / their yours his/ theirs 例如：He said, “I have lost my umbrella.” He said that he had lost his umbrella. She said, “The book on the table is mine.” She said the book on the table was hers. 但是，如果引述人不同或具体情况不同，人称代词和物主代词的转变也随之不同。 “I know,” said Crawley, “but I love to hear you say it.” 1. Crawley answered that he knew, but he loved to hear me say it. 2. I (Crawley) answered that I knew but I loved to hear him/ her say it. 3. 第三者转述 a. 第三者转告其他人 Crawley answered that he knew but he loved to hear him/ her say it. b. 第三者提醒听话者 Crawley answered that he knew but he loved to hear you say it. c. 第三者复述给说话者 You (Crawley) answered that you knew, but you loved to hear him/ her say it. （二）时态的转变 1. 主句的时态是过去时，直接引语的谓语动词按照时态一致的原则，在变成间接引语时做如下的变化： 直接引语 间接引语 现在一般时态 过去一般时态 过去一般时态 过去完成时态 将来一般时态 过去一般将来时态 现在进行时态 过去进行时态 过去进行时态 过去完成进行时态 将来进行时态 过去将来进行时态 现在完成时态 过去完成时态 过去完成时态 过去完成时态 将来完成时态 过去将来完成时态 现在完成进行时态 过去完成进行时态 过去完成进行时态 过去完成进行时态 将来完成进行时态 过去将来完成进行时态 例如 “I am afraid that arguments don’t make a difference..”said he with a smile. He said with a smile that he was afraid that arguments didn’t make a difference. So he said to me, “You don’t know what you are talking about.” So he said to me I didn’t know what I was talking about. “I did not suppose that you had done it on purpose.”