独立主格结构—with的复合结构讲义.pptVIP

独立主格结构 “with+名词+分词”的用法 独立主格结构 目的：表环境，心态，氛围 形式：名词+形容词/分词/介词短语 实质：主系表去掉系动词，由句子退化而来的小短语（做状语） “with+名词+分词”的用法 With复合宾语结构式英语的一种重要的句法现象。它是由with+名词（代词）+介词短语/形容词/副词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式组成，在句中作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、结果等各种复杂的情况。其中分词的形式取决于该动词与前面名词之间的关系，用现在分词表示主动关系、用过去分词表示被动关系。 3.with+名词/代词+副词 With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. The stupid Emperor walked in the procession with nothing on. The naughty boy stood before his teacher with his head down. He put on his socks with the wrong side out. 4.with+名词/代词+名词 She used to sit reading in the evening with he pet dog her only companion. He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 5.with+名词/代词+现在分词 She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her. With you helping me whenever I’m in trouble, I feel very obliged to you. 6.with+名词/代词+过去分词 “I think we can leave with out heads held high,” Erik said. The goalkeeper left England with his flaws laid bare. 二、句法功能 1. with独立主格结构主要用作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。 With Mary to help him, he is sure to succeed.(原因) With winter coming on, it is getting colder and colder day by day. （时间） The streets are even more beautiful with all lights on.（方式） The teacher came into the classroom with a ruler under his arm.（伴随） 2.也可以用作后置定语 The girl reached a river bank with so many flowers on both banks. 三，句法省略 With独立主格结构中的省略主要是指在“with+名词+介词短语”结构中的省略，其特点是省去with及介词短语中的名词修饰成分，也就是“名词+介词+名词” She ran to the hero, flowers in hand. The math teacher walked into the classroom, book in hand. * “主语” “表语” 短语 The soup is hot The soup hot Sword in hand and knife on back, they stepped onto the Guangming Peak. Room empty and windows opened, people left the house. 描述图片和人物心态氛围环境的绝佳句子 1.名词或代词+分词（doing或done） The guests having left, he began to take a short rest. All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours. Mr. Lee falling ill, I’ll do it instead of him. 2. 名词或代词+形容词/副词 He entered the room, his nose red with cold. = He entered the room, his nose being red with cold. All t