chapter26（ chapter26）.docVIP

Chapter 26 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. The legless condition that is observed in several groups of extant reptiles is the result of a. their common ancestor having been legless. b. a shared adaptation to an arboreal (living in trees) lifestyle. c. several instances of the legless condition arising independently of each other. d. individual lizards adapting to a fossorial (living in burrows) lifestyle during their lifetimes. ____ 2. The term homoplasy is most applicable to which of these features? a. the legless condition found in various types of extant lizards b. the 5-digit condition of human hands and bat wings c. the beta-hemoglobin genes of mice and of humans d. the fur that covers Australian moles and North American moles e. the basic skeletal features of dog forelimbs and cat forelimbs ____ 3. If, someday, an archaean cell is discovered whose SSU-rRNA sequence is more similar to that of humans than the sequence of mouse SSU-rRNA is to that of humans, the best explanation for this apparent discrepancy would be a. homology. b. homoplasy. c. common ancestry. d. retro-evolution by humans. e. co-evolution of humans and that archaean. ____ 4. The best classification system is that which most closely a. unites organisms that possess similar morphologies. b. conforms to traditional, Linnaean taxonomic practices. c. reflects evolutionary history. d. corroborates the classification scheme in use at the time of Charles Darwin. e. reflects the basic separation of prokaryotes from eukaryotes. ____ 5. Some molecular data place the giant panda in the bear family (Ursidae) but place the lesser panda in the raccoon family (Procyonidae). Consequently, the morphological similarities of these two species are probably due to a. inheritance of acquired characteristics. b. sexual selection. c. inheritance of shared derived characters. d. possession of analogous structure