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LIDAR TECHNOLOGY FOR REMOTE SENSING MEASURMENTS OF OZONE CONCENTRATIONS By Florence Bocquet April 2003 Table of contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………….……………….. 1 Principles of lidar…………………………………………………………….………………….. 2 Principle of the lidar and the DIAL technique…………………………….………………… 2 Description of ozone lidar systems……………………………………….…………………. 3 Description of the measurements and sampling strategy………………….………………… 5 Ozone retrieval from the lidar signals…………………………………….…………………. 5 Accuracy and vertical resolution of the measurement…………………….………………… 6 OPAL application: experiment and results……………………………………………………… 8 Data taking…………………………………………………………………..……………….. 8 Differences in methodology between the airborne in situ measurements and the lidar measurements……………………………………………………………………………….. 9 Figures of intercomparison…………………………………………………….……………. 11 Statistics……………………………………………………………………….……………. 11 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 References………………………………………………………………………………………. 13 Introduction Since the mid-1960s, scientists have used lidar to study atmospheric particles and clouds. It is considered to be among the most accurate data sets attainable using remote sensing processes. Different types of lidars, such as Rayleigh lidar, Raman lidar, aerosol lidar or again, cirrus cloud lidar, measure different atmospheric properties. To measure ozone –and aerosols-, NASA Langley scientists in particular, use a specialized lidar called the airborne Ultraviolet (UV) DIfferential Absorption Lidar (DIAL). Because ozone plays important roles in the tropospheric –and stratospheric- chemistry (in particular, ozone is the source of the hydroxyl radical, which controls the abundance of many atmospheric constituents, including greenhouse gases such as methane and HCFC’s) and is a health risk near the surface, it is being intensively researched. It is known that tropospheric ozone arises both from ‘in situ’ photochemical pro