m a r i n e e c o l o g y- raleigh charter high school（m r i n e c o l o g y罗利特许高中）.docVIP

Chapter 2 MARINE ECOLOGY Marine Environment: there are fewer marine species than land species because ocean conditions are less variable than land conditions Continental margin: place where most sea life is found due to higher nutrient availability Upwelling: supports plants with nutrients that have come up from deep waters; it can also hold more dissolved gases, because it is colder Water color: green or yellow in coastal areas due to high organic material concentrations; blue in open ocean due to low life and particulate concentrations Light Sections photic zone: light is visible here euphotic zone (0-100 m): extends from surface to the compensation depth; thinner where turbidity decreases light penetration (ex. coast) critical depth: depth above which the total respiration equals the total photosynthesis compensation depth: depth where the rates of plant respiration and photosynthesis are equal, so the net primary productivity is zero disphotic zone (100-1000 m): zone where photosynthesis cannot occur, but light is detected aphotic zone (1000+ m): depths where there is no light Life of the Shore: species are more soft-bodied as you go seaward from the shore rocky shore: contains more life compared to any other shore type supralittoral zone [spray zone] life: shelled organisms, such as the periwinkle snail, isopods (rock lice, sea roaches), limpets littoral zone life high-tide zone: buckshot barnacles middle-tide zone: goose barnacles, mussels (form mussel beds), dog-whelk carnivorous snail low-tide zone: mostly plants and seaweed/algae, crabs tide pools: these pools of water formed in depressions during a receding tide include small fish, hermit crabs, sea urchins sediment-covered shore (beach, salt marsh, mud flat): burrowing is common behavior sandy beach: good for life because water and air can permeate through sand easily inhabitants: bivalve molluscs (clams), annelids (lugworm), crustaceans (beach hoppers, sand crabs), echinoderms (starfish, burrowing sea