lesson8- water chemistry- universityof hawaii（第八课-水化学-夏威夷大学）.docVIP

OCEAN LAB 7 - Water Chemistry Overview: Students will identify the basic chemical and physical properties of seawater and their interconnectedness to each other and the marine life that they support Physical Properties: Salinity, temperature, light and turbidity, specific gravity, temperature Chemical Properties and Dissolved Gases: Salinity, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, O2, phosphate, pH Biological Considerations: Phytoplankton/algae blooms, coral disease Lab 07 WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS PURPOSE To measure dissolved solids in various samples of water to determine water quality MATERIALS Chemical test kits Smart Spec water samples from various sources demineralized water Squeeze bottles for DI water Secchi disk Disolved O2 meter Salinometer or refractometer Lens paper to clean vials Waste containers Beakers (50, 100ml) Graduated cylinder (10, 25, 50 ml) Gloves Lab coats Collecting vials pH meter/paper eye droppers glass stirrer PROCEDURE Use sterile technique to test the water samples according to kit directions. Read about the levels of these substances in water to make your judgment about the safety of the samples and their potential for pollution. The units of measurement for water can be confusing. Milligrams per liter (mg/l) is the same as parts per million (ppm). Parts per thousand is percentage multiplied by 10. To convert percentage to ppt, multiply the percent by 10. For example, a 2% solution is the same as 20 ppt. AMMONIA: Ammonia nitrogen is the product of microbiological activity. In natural waters, it is evidence of sanitary (fecal matter) pollution, industrial effluent or pesticide runoff. It is a source of nitrogen that contributes to excessive growth of algae and can be toxic to aquatic life. DISSOLVED OXYGEN: It is one of the most important characteristics of water quality. Aquatic plants produce oxygen through photosyntheses, and it enters the water from the air. Standards for oxygen vary but fresh water fish need concentrations