m m a l s notes- a r e forum（我是一个l的笔记-一个r e论坛）.docVIP

ME ALS Notes Sustainable Design “The Machine for the Living” Le Corbusier on buildings that were self sufficient and independent of there natural surroundings Energy is not free, global climate is changing, viability of natural ecosystems is diminishing Architects must be sensitive to the local environment – Marcus Vitruvius History of Sustainable Design Early on builders used natural materials (stone, wood, mud, adobe bricks, and grasses) Nomadic tribes’ built environment changed balance little, materials would disintegrate and go back into ecosystem Human population expanded more demanding climates populated natural materials altered to become more durable less natural. (Fired clay, smelted ore for jewelry, tools) Can be reprocessed (grinding, melting or reworking) but never natural again Some civilizations outgrew natural ecosystem, overused land, less fertile, they would move to a new area leaving the ecologically ruined home site Conservation – economic management of natural resources such as fish, timber, topsoil, minerals and game. 1960’s DDT was exposed for the extremely harmful chemical that it was. Sustainable design encourages a new, more environmentally sensitive approach to architectural design and construction. Architects that designed w/empathy of nature and natural systems – Vitruvius, Ruskin, Wright, Alexander) Principles of Sustainable Design Why is it necessary to maintain the delicate balance of natural ecosystems: In the earth’s ecosystem the area of the earth’s crust and atmosphere approx. 5mi high and 5mi deep) there is a finite amount of natural resources. People have become dependant o elements such as fresh water, timber, plants, sol ad ore, which are processed into necessary pieces of the human environment Given the laws of thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed. The resources that have been allotted to manage existence are contained in the ecosystem. All forms of energy tends to seek equilibrium and therefore