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uncertaintiesin d r i o g c碳分析仪的审计程序（ uncertaintiesin d r i o g c carbon analyzerand audit procedures）.doc

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Comparison of the DRI/OGC and Model 2001 Thermal/Optical Carbon Analyzers Final Report Prepared by Judith C. Chow John G. Watson L.-W. Antony Chen M.-C. Oliver Chang Guadalupe Paredes-Miranda Desert Research Institute 2215 Raggio Parkway Reno, NV 89512 Prepared for IMPROVE Steering Committee January 18, 2005Abstract The DRI/OGC analyzers used for IMPROVE carbon analysis since 1987 are obsolete. They break down frequently, spare parts are no longer manufactured, and data acquisition and processing software is antiquated and not compatible with current software. The Model 2001 carbon analyzer has been designed and tested as a replacement for future IMPROVE sample analysis Tests on nine sets of samples from different environments were conducted to determine the comparability between the DRI/OGC and Model 2001 units. Methods to better calibrate the IMPROVE temperature protocol and to measure the oxygen (O2) content of the helium (He) carrier gas were developed and applied as part of these tests. These tests revealed that: TC (total carbon), OC (organic carbon), and EC (elemental carbon) are comparable among different instruments with the same design and between different instrument designs for the IMPROVE thermal optical reflectance (IMPROVE_TOR) protocol and other temperature protocols that use reflectance for pyrolysis charring corrections. OC and EC are sensitive to the temperature protocol when a transmittance pyrolysis charring correction is used. The difference depends on the type of sample and can be as high as a factor of 3 or 4 for EC. Thermally defined carbon fractions (OC1, OC2, OC3, OC4, EC1, EC2, EC3, and OP) measured with the DRI/OGC units are highly variable due to differences in the sample temperature and O2 level in the pure He carrier gas. These conditions are much better controlled in the Model 2001. DRI/OGC temperature and carrier gas conditions can be simulated in the Model 2001, but the high variability in the DRI/OG