(精)实用文体翻译第一节课.ppt

Translation of Business Stylistics 一、翻译的性质 什么是翻译？ 科学？ 艺术？ 技能？ 学科？ 视角的不同可以导致对翻译性质认识的差异。 二、翻译的定义 Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. Nida Translation may be defined as follows: The replacement of textural material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language.(TL). Catford Translation is a process in which the parole of one language is transferred into the parole of another with the content i.e. meaning unchanged. Barhudarov 翻译是一种创造性的工作，好的翻译等于创作，甚至还可能超过创作。 郭沫若 ...translation is first a science, which entails the knowledge and verification of the facts and the language … secondly, it is a skill, which calls for appropriate language and acceptable usage; thirdly, an art, which distinguishes good from undistinguished writing and is the creative, the intuitive, sometimes the inspired, level of the translation; lastly, a matter of taste, where argument ceases, preferences are expressed, and the variety of meritorious translation is the reflection of individual differences. Newmark Simply speaking Translation is the act or process of translating, especially from one language into another. 翻译：翻译的行为或过程，尤指从一种语言译成另一种语言 In the broad sense, “translation” refers to the process and result of transferring a text from the source language into the target language. In the narrow sense, it refers to rendering a written text or spoken discourse into another language. Even in ancient China, we had relevant understanding of translation “译即易, 谓换易言语使相解也.” (唐·贾公彦《义疏》) Translation means change, change of the language to make it understandable. 三、英汉基本区别 要真正理解掌握翻译，就必须对英汉两种语言有基本的了解。 英汉语最大的区别即：形合和意合 英语属于典型的形合语言（Hypotaxis ），汉语属于典型的意合语言(Parataxis)。 所谓形合，（the dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives.） 就是说英语需要形式的合拍。我经常讲一句话，就是，英语是逻辑语言 ，法制语言，很讲究根据的。作为一种拼写文字，英语靠词尾，前后缀（用一定的字母组合）、连接词等来产生