高中英语二轮复名词性从句详讲.docVIP

专题八 名词性从句 【知识要点】 一、在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 如：Whether he will come here or not is unimportant to me.（主语从句） I don’t know what he means.（宾语从句） I’m glad that you are here.（宾语从句用在形容词之后） The teacher is satisfied with what you have done.（介词宾语从句） That was because he was ill.（表语从句） The news that he got killed in the race surprised us all.（同位语从句） 二、引导名词性从句的连接词 连接词 词义 功能 that 无词义 不作成分，只起连接作用 whether/if 是否 不作成分，起连接作用 what, which 什么，哪个 作主语、宾语、表语 who, whom, whose 谁，谁的 作主语、宾语、定语 when, where, how, why 什么时候/地方，怎么样，为什么 作状语 how many/much 多少 作定语 How soon/often/long/much 多久，多久一次，多长，多么 作状语 whatever=anything that 无论什么 作主语、宾语、表语、定语 whosever=anyone whose 无论谁的 作主语、宾语、定语、表语 whichever=anything that 无论哪个 作宾语、定语、主语、表语 whoever=anyone who 无论谁 作主语 whomever=anyone whom 无论谁 作宾语 1.that引导的从句如果作介词宾语只可用在except，in，but，besides等少数介词后。如： I could say nothing but that I’m sorry. that引导的从句可作it的同位语从句。如： You may depend upon it that all the goods will be delivered in time. 2.that引导宾语从句时可省略；引导其他名词性从句时，一般不省略，特别是引导主语从句且位于句首时。如： That the earth is round is true. The fact that he is a thief got around. 注意：下面一句中，第一个that可省略，第二个that不可省略： He said（that） he had been working here for ten years and that he wanted to go home. 3.whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别。 （1）在引导宾语从句时whether与if可互换，但如果和or not连用则只用whether。如： I don’t know whether or not he can stay here longer. （2）如果宾语从句是否定结构，则用if而不用whether引导。如： He asked me if I wasn’t going there. （3）介词宾语从句只能用whether引导。如： I’m not interested in whether he is rich. （4）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句一般多用whether。如： The question is whether you can do it yourself. The question whether he will come here himself isn’t decided yet. Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen. （5）用it作形式主语时，whether或if都可以引导主语从句。如： It is not clear to me whether/if he likes the present. 4.注意what/whatever；who/whoever；which/whichever的区别。试比较下列句子：[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K] Whoever will go to the concert please signs your name here.=Anyone who will go to the concert please signs your name