AModel-BasedFaultDetectionandDiagnosisMethodology.doc

A Model-Based Fault Detection and Diagnosis Methodology for HVAC Subsystems by Ian Blair Dwight McIntosh A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Mechanical Engineering) at the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN – MADISON 1999  ? Copyright by Ian Blair Dwight McIntosh All Rights Reserved A Model-Based Fault Detection and Diagnosis Methodology for HVAC Subsystems Ian Blair Dwight McIntosh Under the direct supervision of Professors John W. Mitchell, William A. Beckman, and Sanford A. Klein Abstract The existence of faults in Heating, Ventilating, Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating (HVACR) systems plays a significant role in the degradation of comfort levels for building occupants on one scale, and the degradation of quality of life on earth, on a larger scale. The objective of this research work is to develop a robust Model-Based Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) Methodology for a chiller subsystem that is expandable, transportable and suitable for online implementation. It shall be expandable in the sense of being able to accommodate more complicated phenomena and transportable in the sense of being able to model different systems and various refrigerants. Such an FDD methodology is eventually attained by first, modeling the chiller subsystem using a combination of energy balances, material balances, fluid properties and equipment geometry to establish physical relations between all variables involved (both dependent and independent). That is, a physical model is developed. Next, computer simulation techniques are used to investigate the performance of the subsystem within prescribed limits of the input variables. Calculated characteristic quantities (CQ) in the model are used to determine various fault conditions. A General Regression Neural Network is also trained and calibrated to learn the base-case (fault-free) behavior of the chiller. Las