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Computer and Network Security: Protecting Intellectual Assets Organizational information is intellectual capital - it must be protected Information security – the protection of information from accidental or intentional misuse by persons inside or outside an organization Critical for most organizations Especially in recent years, with “hackers” becoming more numerous and adept at stealing and altering private information Downtime caused by security incidents cost large companies more than $30 million a year Computer and Network Security: Protecting Intellectual Assets The McCumber Cube Defines 9 characteristics of Information Security Where are these threats coming from? PERPETRATORS Insiders … Hackers …. People very knowledgeable about computers who use their skill to invade other people’s computers Black hat hackers (crackers) White hat hackers (ethical hackers) Script kiddies or script bunnies Hactivists Cyberterrorists Cyberspace physical space are increasingly intertwined and software controlled/enabled Chemical Industry 66,000 chemical plants Banking and Finance 26,600 FDIC institutions Agriculture and Food 1.9M farms 87,000 food processing plants Water 1,800 federal reservoirs 1,600 treatment plants Public Health 5,800 registered hospitals Postal and Shipping 137M delivery sites Telecomm Transportation 120,000 miles of railroad 590,000 highway bridges 2M miles of pipeline 300 ports 2B miles of cable Energy 2,800 power plants 300K production sites Key Assets 104 nuclear power plants 80K dams 5,800 historic buildings 3,000 government facilities commercial facilities / 460 skyscrapers Biometric Security Measures Issues in choosing biometric techniques : Cost Accuracy Perceived intrusiveness Effort required on part of user /pizza/images/screen.swf Firewalls (cont’d.) Main types of firewalls Packet-filtering firewalls – examines individual data packets passing into and out of the network Application-filtering firewalls – control use of n